Mortalidade por covid-19 na região nordeste do brasil entre 2020 e 2021: um estudo ecológico / Mortality from COVID-19 in the Northeast region of Brazil between 2020 and 2021: an ecological study / Mortalidad por COVID-19 en la región Nordeste de Brasil entre 2020 y 2021: un estudio ecológico

Introdução:A pandemia do COVID-19 foi responsável por um número significativo de mortes em todo o mundo. No Brasil, o país atingiu o terceiro lugar no ranking mundial em número de casos, em um curto período de tempo. A região nordeste por sua vez apresenta altas taxas de incidência e mortalidade. Objetivo:Analisar a mortalidade por COVID-19 na região Nordeste do Brasil entre os anos de 2020 e 2021. Metodologia:Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, retrospectivo com abordagem quantitativa, utilizando dados secundários, disponíveis no Portal de Transparência do Registro Civil, considerando os registros das Semanas Epidemiológicas (SE). Foram incluídas as variáveis: quantidade de óbitos, sexo, faixa etária, estados e semana epidemiológica. Resultados:Observou-se a ocorrência de dois picos acentuados de óbito durante as SE 18ª e 30ª e 7ª e 25, nos anos de 2020 e 2021, respectivamente. O estado do Ceará manteve os maiores índices nas duas curvas, seguido da Paraíba e Sergipe. Quanto a faixa etária, a população idosa foi mais acometida e prevaleceu os óbitos entre sexo masculino. Conclusões:Os dados mostraram a magnitude da pandemia na região nordeste, fornecendo informações para subsidiar possíveis medidas sanitárias pelas autoridades competentes (AU).

Introduction:The pandemic of COVID-19 was responsible for a significant number of deaths worldwide. In Brazil, the country reached the third place in the world ranking in number of cases in a short period of time. The northeast region in turn has high incidence and mortality rates. Objective:To analyze the mortality from COVID-19 in the Northeast region of Brazil between the years 2020 and 2021. Methodology:This is an ecological, retrospective study with a quantitative approach, using secondary data available at the Civil Registry Transparency Portal, considering the records of the Epidemiological Weeks (SE). The variables were included: quantity of deaths, sex, age group, states and epidemiological week. Results: It was observed the occurrence of two sharp peaks of deaths during the SE 18th and 30th and 7th and 25th, in the years 2020 and 2021, respectively. The state of Cearamaintained the highest rates in the two curves, followed by Paraiba and Sergipe. As for the age bracket, the elderly population was more affected and male deaths prevailed.Conclusions:The data showed the magnitude of the pandemic in the northeast region, providing information to support possible health measures by the competent authorities (AU).

Introducción: La pandemia de COVID-19 fue responsable de un importante número de muertes en todo el mundo. En Brasil, el país alcanzó el tercer puesto del ranking mundial en número de casos en un corto periodo de tiempo. A su vez, la región del noreste presenta altas tasas de incidencia y mortalidad.Objetivo: Analizar la mortalidad por COVID-19 en la región Nordeste de Brasil entre los años 2020 y 2021. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio ecológico, retrospectivo con abordaje cuantitativo, utilizando datos secundarios, disponibles en el Portal de Transparencia del Registro Civil, considerando los registros de las Semanas Epidemiológicas (SE). Se incluyeron las variables: cantidad de muertes, género, grupo de edad, estados y semana epidemiológica. Resultados: Se observó la ocurrencia de dos picos agudos de muertes durante los días 18 y 30 y 7 y 25 de la SE, en los años 2020 y 2021, respectivamente. El estado de Ceará mantuvo las tasas más altas en las curvas, seguido de Paraíba y Sergipe. En cuanto al grupo de edad, la población anciana estaba más afectada y predominaban las muertes de hombres. Conclusiones: Los datos mostraron la magnitud de la pandemia en la región noreste, proporcionando información paraapoyar posibles medidas sanitarias por parte de las autoridades competentes (AU).

Screening and hospitalization of breast and cervical cancer in Brazil from 2010 to 2022: A time-series study.

In Brazil, during the pandemic caused by COVID-19, screening for breast and cervical cancers was postponed or interrupted due to the prevailing health conditions. These neoplasms, however, are responsible for high morbidity and mortality among women in Brazil and have a major impact on the quality of life of this population and public health. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the epidemiological behavior of hospitalization for cervical and breast cancer in Brazilian women, as well as the trend of screening tests of breast and cervical cancer in the years 2010 to 2022 according to the regions of Brazil. This is ecological research of time series, based on secondary data obtained from information systems of the country, about hospital admissions for breast and cervical cancer and screening methods used for these tumors. The data were analyzed in the Joinpoint Regression Program, to obtain the linear regression and temporal analysis of the variables. As a result, between 2010 and 2022, the rates of mammography varied from 36 to 71 exams, while in the pap smear, the variations were 126 and 226 cytopathological exams per 1000 women. Hospitalizations for these cancers peaked in 2019, with 48 hospitalizations for cervical cancer per 100,000 women and 147 hospitalizations for breast cancer for the same population. For both, in the pandemic years, between 2020 and 2022, there is a decrease in Brazil and in all its regions. As for the tracking of these diseases, it was observed that the performance of mammograms and preventive tests showed a similar behavior, in which there is a higher supply of these tests until 2019 and a drop during the pandemic period. This leads to the conclusion that even though Brazil has several policies for the screening of these diseases, there is still instability in the offering of these tests and that there was instability in this area during the pandemic.

Absenteísmo e suas causas no contexto da saúde dos trabalhadores em oncologia: revisão integrativa / Absenteeism and it's causes in the context of oncology workers health: integrative review / Ausentismo y sus causas en el contexto de la salud de los trabajadores en oncología: revisión integradora

O ritmo elevado de trabalho, somado às demandas físicas e psicológicas, levam ao estresse nos contextos pessoal e laboral, o que faz com que as pessoas se afastem de seus ambientes de trabalho como um dos motivos apontados para a incapacidade para o trabalho. Essa realidade tem sido amplamente observada no ambiente hospitalar, possivelmente associada a problemas relacionados à fadiga da compaixão, geralmente em serviços de oncologia. Dessa forma, a motivação deste estudo foi compreender os motivos do absenteísmo em oncologia, e se esse episódio ocorre devido ao processo de trabalho. Objetivo:Investigar as causas do absenteísmo entre profissionais expostos a riscos ambientais e biopsicossociais em hospitais oncológicos. Metodologia:Trata-se de uma revisaointegrativa sobre o tema do absenteísmo, o que indica novos rumos para futuras investigações. Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura com base em três pilares: 1) O processo de trabalho multidisciplinar em oncologia e o risco de adoecimento; 2) O absentismo dos profissionais de saúde em oncologia; 3) O problema da pandemia de COVID-19 para os trabalhadores da saúde. Posteriormente, foram escolhidos os descritores e a partir deles foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados eletrônicas PUBMED, LILACS e SCOPUS. Resultados:Obteve-se um resultado de dez estudos. Constatou-se que os principais transtornos, que levam à incapacidade para o trabalho e, por sua vez, ao absenteísmo, foram de origem psíquica (depressão e Síndrome de Burnout) e de origem musculoesquelética. Conclusões:A dupla jornada de trabalho foi citada como fator facilitador para o aparecimento desses transtornos, onde tais cenários não incapacitam o trabalhador para o desenvolvimento de suas atividades, que podem ser temporárias ou permanentes (AU).

The high pace of work, added to the physical and psychological demands, lead to stress in personal and work contexts, which causes people to withdraw from their work environments as one of the reasons mentioned for incapacitation for work. This reality hasbeen widely observed in the hospital setting, possibly associated with problems related to compassion fatigue, usually in oncology services. The motivation of this study was to understand the reasons for absenteeism in oncology, and if this episode occursdue to the work process. Objective:Investigating the causes of absenteeism among professionals exposed to environmental and biopsychosocial risks in cancer hospitals. Methodology:This is a integrative review on the theme of absenteeism, which indicates new directions for future investigations. A literature review was carried out based on three pillars: 1) The multidisciplinary work process in oncology and the risk of illness; 2) The absenteeism of health professionals in oncology; 3) The problem of the COVID-19 pandemic for health workers. Subsequently, the descriptors were chosen and based on them, searches were carried out in the electronic databases PUBMED, LILACS and SCOPUS. Results:A result of ten studies was obtained. It was found that the main disorders, which lead to incapacity for work and, in turn, absenteeism, were of psychic origin (depression and Burnout Syndrome) and of musculoskeletal origin. Conclusions: Texto das conclusões em inglêsThe double work shift was cited as a facilitating factorfor the appearance of these disorders, where such scenarios do not incapacitate the worker to develop their activities, which may be temporary or permanent (AU).

El alto ritmo de trabajo, sumado a las exigencias físicas y psicológicas, genera estrés en el contexto personal y laboral, lo que provoca que las personas se alejen de sus ambientes laborales como una de las razones esgrimidas para la incapacidad detrabajar. Esta realidad ha sido ampliamente observada en el ambiente hospitalario, posiblemente asociada a problemas relacionados con la fatiga por compasión, generalmente en los servicios de oncología. Así, la motivación de este estudio fue comprender las razones del ausentismo en oncología y si este episodio ocurre debido al proceso de trabajo. Objetivo:Investigar las causas del ausentismo entre profesionales expuestos a riesgos ambientales y biopsicosociales en hospitales oncológicos. Metodología:Se trata deuna revisión integradorasobre el tema del ausentismo, que indica nuevos rumbos para futuras investigaciones. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura basada en tres pilares: 1) El proceso de trabajo multidisciplinario en oncología y el riesgo de enfermedad; 2) El ausentismo de los profesionales de la salud en oncología; 3) El problema de la pandemia de COVID-19 para los trabajadores de la salud. Posteriormente se eligieron los descriptores y a partir de ellos se realizaron búsquedas en las bases de datos electrónicas PUBMED, LILACS y SCOPUS. Resultados:Se obtuvo un resultado de diez estudios. Se encontró que los principales trastornos que conducen a la incapacidad para trabajar y, a su vez, al ausentismo, fueron de origen psíquico (depresión y síndrome deBurnout) y de origen músculoesquelético. Conclusiones:La doble jornada laboral fue citada como un factor facilitador para la aparición de estos trastornos, dondedichos escenarios no incapacitan al trabajador para el desarrollo de sus actividades, las cuales pueden ser temporales o permanentes (AU).

Care actions for newborns and factors associated with longitudinality in the follow-up care in the neonatal period: Care actions for the newborn.

As newborns are highly vulnerable, they require essential care for adequate child development. This study aimed to assess the care provided to newborns during the first 28 days of life and identify factors associated with adequate care. This was a longitudinal study conducted with 415 mothers and full-term newborns from 4 public maternity hospitals in Natal, Brazil, in 2019. Assistance, socioeconomic, and demographic data were collected 3 times: 48 hours, 7 days, and 28 days after birth. Pearson's chi-square and Poisson regression tests were used with a confidence interval of 95%. Most mothers were between 20 and 29 years old (46.5%), had a high school or higher education (65.3%), a partner (79%), an income of ≤ 1 minimum wage (64, 6%), and were multiparous (62.9%). A total of 29 actions performed in maternity hospitals and 11 in primary healthcare were evaluated. Among the first, 8 (27.6%) were satisfactory; 11 (37.9%), partially satisfactory; and 10 (34.5%), unsatisfactory. In primary care, 2 actions (18.2%) were considered satisfactory; 3 (27.3%) partially satisfactory; and 6 (54.5%) unsatisfactory. In the multivariate analysis of the composite indicators related to adequacy of care, women undergoing vaginal delivery, those who are multiparous, and maternity hospitals at usual risk were associated with better adequacy of care indicators (P ≤ .05). Maternity hospitals accredited to the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative had lower chances of the adequacy of promotion to exclusive breastfeeding. The sample loss rate was 13.7% in the first week and 16.6% at the end of the study period. There was inadequacy in the performance of care actions for newborns regarding access and comprehensiveness of care. These weaknesses highlight the need for reassessing skills and coordinating actions in the child's healthcare network.

Prevalence of comorbidities in deceased patients with COVID-19: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: In December 2019, a new disease, coronavirus disease (COVID-19), emerged, which put several countries on a state of alert. Because it is a novel virus, several aspects and factors that contribute to the evolution of pathogenesis are still unknown and need to be better understood. Therefore, a systematic review is necessary to investigate the association between COVID-19 infection and chronic nontransmissible disease in patients who have died of COVID-19. METHODS: This was a systematic review of the literature for observational studies published between December 2019 and September 2020. The protocol for this systematic review was registered in the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) under the number CRD42020176249. RESULTS: In the 31 studies analyzed, a total of 421,872 (100%) patients were infected with COVID-19, and, of these, 45,399 (10.8%) died. The 3 most prevalent comorbidities were hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and respiratory diseases, respectively. The cure/recovery rate was 89.2% (376,473). CONCLUSION: This review revealed a high percentage of comorbidities in the patients with COVID-19, especially those who died.

Epidemiological behavior of the COVID-19 contamination curve in Brazil: Time-series analysis.

Brazil is experiencing the greatest episode of sanitary collapse ever known in the country's history. Therefore, the relevance of this study is highlighted for the scientific advance of the epidemiological behavior of the virus in Brazil, enabling the development of analyses and discussions on the factors that influenced the high rates of contamination by SARS-CoV-2 in the country. Given the above, this study aims to analyze the epidemiological behavior of the COVID-19 contamination curve by epidemiological weeks (EW), in the years 2020-2021, in Brazil. This is an ecological study of time series, prepared using information collected through secondary means. The country of origin of the study is Brazil, and its main theme is the number of people infected during the COVID-19 pandemic, this being the dependent variable of the study. The data has been analyzed from February 23, 2020, when the first case was confirmed in Brazil, to January 1, 2022. In 2021, the country's graph shows an exponential growth, reaching a peak of approximately 250 new cases per 100,000 inhabitants in the 12th EW. This data represents the highest rate of the pandemic in Brazil, and did not vary significantly for the next twelve weeks. Thus, it was identified that Brazil was severely impacted by the new coronavirus, considering the high rates of confirmed cases of the virus in the country, the low adherence of the population to preventive measures, the late start of mass vaccination in the Brazilian population, and the lack of structure in the health system, which was not appropriately prepared for the high demand generated by COVID-19.

Overview of the mortality from external causes of reproductive-age women in Brazil.

ABSTRACT: Studies have shown that a new demographic and epidemiological profile has been emerging in women of childbearing age, mainly due to the increase in life expectancy, reduction in infant mortality, higher survival in old age, and the drop in fertility rate.To evaluate the external (violence) causes of mortality among women in Brazil from 2007 to 2016.This is a quantitative, ecological study of temporal trends and correlations of the main causes of mortality of women of childbearing age and their association with age, from 2007 to 2016 in Brazil. The collected data were extracted from the Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde database called the Mortality Information System.It was possible to identify a considerable increase among the Brazilian states, with the highest coefficient of mortality from external causes, especially the northern regions. The highest coefficient identified among the evaluated states was 3.57 per 10,000, and in the northeast and southeast, external causes mainly affected young women aged 10 to 29 years.It is necessary for managers and health professionals to be more aware of the diseases that affect this population.

Maternal health indicators in Brazil: A time series study.

ABSTRACT: In addition to the maternal death indicator, Stork Network proposes the number of prenatal consultations, the gestational age of onset of prenatal care and the number of children breastfeeding.The study aims to analyze maternal health indicators representative of the actions proposed by Stork Network in Brazil, after its implementation. Therefore, this is an ecological study of maternal health indicators in Brazil from 2012 to 2017.Thus, it was found that the number of prenatal consultations per pregnant woman in Brazil from 2012 to 2017 increased >4 times between the first and the last year analyzed. The proportion of pregnant women who started prenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy increased progressively each year in Brazil.The breastfeeding coefficient also increased progressively between 2014 and 2017 in Brazil. It was found that maternal health indicators improved between 2012 and 2017 in the Brazilian territory.

Avaliação da mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares no brasil: uma série temporal de 2015 a 2019 / Evaluation of Mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases in Brazil: a temporal series from2015 to 2019 / Evaluación de la Mortalidad por Enfermedades Cardiovasculares en Brasil: una serie temporal de 2015 a 2019

Introdução:As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis são as principais causas de morte no mundo. Entre essas, As Doenças Cardiovasculares são catalogadas como a principal causa. Objetivo:Avaliar a mortalidade das Doenças Cardiovasculares no Brasil, a partir da série temporal de 2015 a 2019, e propor estratégias de planejamento, monitoramento e avaliação.Metodologia:Trata-se de um estudo ecológico transversal de série temporal e descritivo sobre a mortalidade por Doenças Cardiovasculares no Brasil. Foram utilizados dados secundários, obtidos em abril de 2021, no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde,cuja série temporal compreendeu o período entre 2015 e 2019.Resultados:As taxas de mortalidade por Doenças Cardiovasculares,no Brasil, demonstram uma tendência de acréscimo no período de 2016, 2017, 2018 e 2019, resultado muito similar aos dados encontrados em outros estudos realizados no Brasil. Os maiores índices se encontram nas regiões Sudeste e Sul, seguidos da região Nordeste. Tratando-se dos óbitos, segundo a raça no período de 2015 a 2019, se observa que a maior proporção de óbitos ocorreu na raça branca por Aterosclerose (62,14%), seguidos da raça parda (28,38%) e da raça negra (5,87%). Se destacam no estudo os dados sobre a Febre Reumática Aguda e as Doenças Reumáticas Crônicas do Coração, cujo percentual atinge os maiores índices no ano de 2017, chegando a 63,54% na população feminina. Quando se analisa a Proporção de Óbitos, segundo Faixa Etária no período se observa um maior acometimento geral da população idosa. Conclusões:As Doenças Cardiovasculares têm se mostrado cada vez mais prevalentes, acarretando aumento do número de morbimortalidade no país. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de aprofundamento da questão, tendo em vistaque, embora as condições sejam muito semelhantes entre os municípios, as diferenças nos indicadores são expressivas (AU).

Introduction:Chronic non-communicable diseases are the main causes of death in the world. Among these, Cardiovascular Diseases are cataloged as the main cause. Objective:Assess the mortality of Cardiovascular Diseases in Brazil, from the 2015-2019 time series, and theproportion of planning, monitoring and evaluation.Methodology:This is a cross-sectional ecological study of the time series and descriptive on mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases in Brazil. Secondary data were obtained, obtained in April 2021, at theInformatics Department of the Unified Health System,whose time series comprised the period between 2015 to 2019. Results:The mortality rates due to Cardiovascular Diseases in Brazil, show a tendency of increase in the period of 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019, a result very similar to the data found in other studies carried out in Brazil. The highest rates are found in the Southeast and South regions, followed by the Northeast region. Regarding deaths, according to race in the period from 2015 to 2019, it is observed that the highest proportion of deaths occurred in the white race due to Atherosclerosis (62.14%), followed by the brown race (28.38%) and the race black (5.87%). The study highlights data on Acute Rheumatic Fever and Chronic Rheumatic Heart Diseases, the percentage of which reaches the highest rates in 2017, reaching 63.54% in the female population. When analyzing the proportion of deaths, according to age group in the period, a greater general involvement of the elderly population is observed. Conclusions:Cardiovascular Diseases have been shown to be increasingly prevalent in cardiovascular diseases, leading to an increase in the number of morbidity and mortality in the country. The results point to the need to deepen the issue, considering that, although the conditions are very similar between the municipalities, the differences in the indicators are significant (AU).

Introducción: Las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles son la principal causa de muerte en el mundo. Entre estas, las Enfermedades Cardiovasculares están catalogadas como la principal causa.Objetivo: Evaluar la mortalidad de las enfermedades cardiovasculares en Brasil, de la serie temporal 2015-2019, y la proporción de planificación, seguimiento y evaluación. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio ecológico transversal, de serie temporal y descriptivo sobre la mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares en Brasil. Los datos secundarios se obtuvieron, obtenidos en abril de 2021, en el Departamento de Informática del Sistema Único de Salud,cuya serie temporal comprendió el período comprendido entre 2015 y 2019. Resultados: Las tasas de mortalidad por Enfermedades Cardiovasculares en Brasil muestran una tendencia ascendente en el período de 2016, 2017, 2018 y 2019, resultado muy similar a los datos encontrados en otros estudios realizados en Brasil. Las tasas más altas se encuentran en las regiones sureste y sur, seguidas de la región noreste. En cuanto a las defunciones, según raza en el período de 2015 a 2019, se observa que la mayor proporción de defunciones ocurrió en la raza blanca por aterosclerosis (62,14%), seguida de la raza morena (28,38%) y la raza negra (5,87%). El estudio destaca datos sobre fiebre reumáticaaguda y cardiopatías reumáticas crónicas, cuyo porcentaje alcanza las tasas más altas en 2017, alcanzando el 63,54% en la población femenina. Al analizar la proporción de defunciones, según grupo de edad en el período, se observa una mayor participación generalizada de la población anciana. Conclusiones: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares han sido cada vez más prevalentes, provocando un aumento en el número de morbilidad y mortalidad en el país. Los resultados apuntan a la necesidad de profundizar el tema, considerando que, si bien las condiciones son muy similares entre los municipios, las diferencias en los indicadores son expresivas (AU).

Processo de trabalho na atenção básica na assistência às doenças crônicas / Work process in Primary Care in the care of chronic diseases / Proceso de trabajo en Atención Primaria en la asistencia de enfermedades crónicas

Introdução:O processo de trabalho em saúde tem sido cada vez mais estudado, pois possui uma dimensão subjetiva capaz de interferir na saúde da população. Objetivo: avaliar o processo de trabalho desenvolvido na Atenção Básica da região nordeste brasileira voltado para as doenças crônicas, através do resultado apresentado nos dois primeiros ciclos do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica.Metodologia:Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo. Para tal, foram utilizados dados secundários provenientes do módulo II do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica sobre o processo de trabalho das equipes de Atenção Básicaespecificamente da região nordeste brasileira. Resultados:Houve melhor adesão dos participantes quantitativamente falando, todavia, menos médicos participaram do segundo ciclo quando comparado com o primeiro. Outro ponto a ser destacado foi a mudança do cenário das taxas de internação e mortalidade por hipertensão arterial sistêmica e diabetes mellitus quando comparado entre os anos estudados. Conclusões:Concluiu-se que há necessidade de uma maior atenção às açõesrealizadas com os portadores de doenças crônicas na região estudada, pois nota-se que a força de trabalho, quando estimulada e incentivada, pode mudar a realidade local e, consequentemente, os indicadores de saúde (AU).

Introduction:The health work process has been increasingly studied, as it has a subjective dimension capable of interfering in the population's health. Objective:to evaluate the work process developed in Primary Care in the northeast region of Brazil focused on chronic diseases, through the result presented in the first two cycles of the National Program to Improve Access and Quality of Primary Care.Methodology:Texto do método em inglês. Results:This is an exploratory and descriptive study. For this purpose, secondary data from the National Program to Improve Access and Quality of Primary Care module II areused on the work process of the Primary Care teams specifically from the Northeast of Brazil. Conclusions:It was concluded that there is a need for greater attention to actions taken with patients with chronic diseases in the region studied, as it was found that the workforce, when stimulated and encouraged, can change the local reality and, consequently, the health indicators (AU).

Introducción: El proceso de trabajo en salud se ha estudiado cada vez más, ya que tiene una dimensión subjetiva capaz de interferir en la salud de la población. Objetivo: evaluar el proceso de trabajo desarrollado en Atención Primaria en el Nordeste de Brasil con enfoque en enfermedades crónicas, a través del resultado presentado en los dos primeros ciclos del Programa Nacional para Mejorar el Acceso y la Calidad de la Atención Primaria.Metodología: Este es uno estudo exploratório e descritivo. Para tanto, são utilizados dados secundários do módulo II do Programa Nacional para Mejorar el Acceso y la Calidad de la Atención Primaria sobre o processo de trabalho das equipes daAtenção Básica especificamente da região Nordeste do Brasil. Resultados: Texto dos resultados em espanhol.Conclusiones: Se concluyó que existe la necesidad de una mayor atención a las acciones que se realicen con los pacientes con enfermedades crónicas en la región estudiada, ya que se encontró que la fuerza laboral, cuando se estimula y estimula, puede cambiar la realidad local y, en consecuencia, los indicadores de salud (AU).

Evaluation of the epidemiological behavior of mortality due to COVID-19 in Brazil: A time series study.

The World Health Organization declared, at the end of 2019, a pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus that causes Coronavirus Disease-COVID-19. Currently, Brazil has become the epicenter of the disease, registering approximately 345 thousand deaths. Thus, the study has scientific relevance in health surveillance as it identifies, quantifies and monitors the main behavioral patterns of the mortality rate due to COVID-19, in Brazil and in their respective regions. In this context, the study aims to assess the epidemiological behavior of mortality due to COVID-19 in Brazil: a time series study, referring to the year 2020. This is an ecological time series study, constructed using secondary data. The research was carried out in Brazil, having COVID-19 deaths as the dependent variable that occurred between the 12th and 53rd Epidemiological Week of 2020. The independent variable will be the epidemiological weeks. The data on deaths by COVID-19 were extracted in February 2021, on the Civil Registry Transparency Portal. The cleaning of the database and the information were treated in the Microsoft Excel® Software and, for statistical analysis, the JoinPoint software, version 4.7.0.0 was used. It was observed that Brazil presents an upward curve between the 12th and 19th SE, when it reaches saturation at the peak of mortality, which remains until the 35th SE and, subsequently, a downward curve was identified until the 47th SE, period in the which curve turns back up.

Epidemiological profile of female firearm-related mortality.

ABSTRACT: The mortality rate of women due to firearms increases every day in Brazil and globally. This study aimed to evaluate the trends of firearm-related mortality in women from the years 2007 to 2016 in order to determine their profile and to associate these indicators with public policy and strategies to reduce mortality.This is an ecological time-series study using secondary data of women aged 10 to 49 years old collected through the mortality information system (SIM) in Brazil. Furthermore, independent characteristics such as education, color, race and civil status were also collected from SIM. Data was analyzed using the Join Point open source software version.There was an increase in the mortality rate of women who received 4 to the 7 years of education, were single, and brown-skinned. There was a significantly increased rate of mortality in women whose ages ranged from 20 to 29 years followed by 30 to 39 years; the rate was also significantly higher in the northeast region followed by the southeast region.There is a need for professional training to assist women in vulnerable situations.

Avaliação das causas externas de morbidade e mortalidade da faixa etária de 0 a 1 ano no nordeste brasileiro / Evaluation of the external causes of morbidity and mortality of 0-1 year age ranges in Northeast Brazil / Evaluación de las causas externas de morbilidad y mortalidad de rangos de edad de 0-1 años en el Noreste de Brasil

Introdução:As diferenças no que diz respeito aos números de morbidade e mortalidade das criançasexpressam as disparidades econômicas, sociais e ambientais entre os países. Objetivo:Avaliar as causas externas de morbidade e mortalidade de crianças de 0 a 1 ano na região Nordeste do Brasil, visando demonstrar a vinculação da morbidade e mortalidade à região em que a população está inserida, confirmando os indicadores socioeconômicos de determinada localidade. Metodologia:Trata-se de um estudo ecológico de série temporal e descritivo, utilizando dados secundários de morbidade e mortalidade em crianças menores de um ano na região Nordeste do Brasil, baseado em dados coletados a partir do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde, através do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade e o Sistema de Informação Hospitalar do mesmo, no período de cinco anos, 2013 a 2017.Resultados:No que se refere à comorbidadesentre os anos 2013e 2017, as causas externas mais prevalentes na faixa etária de menores de um ano foram traumatismo intracraniano, queimaduras, fraturas, complicações por traumas e outros traumas.No tocante à mortalidade, observa-se que as cinco principais causas externas foram inalação por conteúdo gástrico, obstrução do trato respiratório, por riscos não especificados à respiração, por fatos ou eventos não especificados e intenção não determinada e por reação anormal em paciente ou complicação tardia causadas por intervenção cirúrgica.Conclusões:A morbidade e mortalidade na infância são indicadores sensíveis e de extrema importância no que diz respeito às condições de vida e saúde dos indivíduos de uma determinada região (AU).

Introduction:Differences in the numbers of children's morbidity and mortality express the economic, social and environmental disparities between countries. Objective:To evaluate the external causes of morbidity and mortality of children aged 0 to 1 year in the Northeast region of Brazil, aiming to demonstrate the link between morbidity and mortality to the region in which the population is inserted, confirming the socioeconomic indicators of a given location.Methodology:This is an ecological time-series and descriptive study, using secondary data on morbidity and mortality in children under one year old in the Northeast region of Brazil, based on data collected from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System, through the Mortality Information System and the sameHospital Information System, over a five-year period, 2013 to 2017.Results:With regard to comorbidities between the years 2013 and 2017, the most prevalent external causes in the age group of children under one year were intracranial trauma, burns, fractures, traumatic complications and other traumas. With regard to mortality, it is observed that the five main external causes were inhalation due to gastric content, obstruction of the respiratory tract, unspecified risks to breathing, unspecified facts or events and undetermined intention and abnormal reaction in a patient or complication delay caused by surgical intervention. Conclusions:Child morbidity and mortality are sensitive and extremely important indicators regarding the living and health conditions of individuals in a given region (AU).

Introducción: Las diferencias en las cifras de morbilidad y mortalidad infantil expresan las disparidades económicas, sociales y ambientales entre países. Objetivo: Evaluar las causas externas de morbilidad y mortalidad de los niños de 0 a 1 año en la región Nordeste de Brasil, con el objetivo de demostrar el vínculo entre morbilidad y mortalidad en la región en la que se inserta la población, confirmando los indicadores socioeconómicos de un lugar determinado. Metodología:Se trata de un estudio ecológico de tiempo y series descriptivas, utilizando datos secundarios sobre morbilidad y mortalidad en niños menores de un año en la región Nordeste de Brasil, con base en datos recolectados del Departamento de Informática del Sistema Único de Salud, a través del Sistema de Información sobre Mortalidad y Sistema de Información Hospitalaria del mismo, durante un período de cinco años, 2013 a 2017.Resultados: En cuanto a las comorbilidades entre los años 2013 y 2017, las causas externas más prevalentes en el grupo de edad de menores de un año fueron traumatismos intracraneales, quemaduras, fracturas, complicaciones traumáticas y otros traumatismos. Con respecto a la mortalidad, se observa que las cinco principales causas externas fueron inhalación por contenido gástrico, obstrucción del tracto respiratorio, riesgos respiratorios no especificados, hechos o eventos no especificados e intención indeterminada y reacción anormal en un paciente o complicación. retraso causado por la intervención quirúrgica.Conclusiones: La morbilidad y la mortalidad infantil son indicadores sensibles y extremadamente importantes sobre las condiciones de vida y salud de las personas en una región determinada (AU).

Mortalidade infantil no Brasil, 2007 a 2016 / Infant mortality in Brazil, 2007 to 2016

Os indicadores de saúde são cruciais, visto que fornece informações essenciais para o estabelecimento de metas e avaliação dos planos sociais e econômicos. Nesta perspectiva, o estudo objetiva observar a mortalidade infantil no Brasil, no período de 2007 a 2016. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, ecológico de série temporal, com uso de dados de base populacional, que foram extraídos do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil, a fim de obter o indicador Coeficiente de Mortalidade Infantil. Os resultados mostraram que a mortalidade infantil tem um declínio a partir da avaliação anual do indicador entre os anos 2007 a 2015, todavia, o ano de 2016 mostra-se com discreto aumento. Observou-se, ainda, que as afecções originadas no período perinatal emergiram como principal causa de mortalidade infantil no período analisado. As causas de mortalidade infantil no período analisado foram identificadas afecções originadas no período perinatal, como as mais prevalentes. Os Estados do Amapá (19.81), Bahia (17.37) e Acre (17.27) apresentaram os maiores indicadores, mas esse indicador pode ser reduzido através de melhores condições sanitárias, econômicas e assistenciais. Dessa maneira, é fundamental ampliar os serviços de saúde, principalmente nas localidades socialmente vulneráveis, e fortalecer os programas de assistência à mãe e ao bebê.

Health indicators are crucial, as they provide essential information for setting goals and evaluating social and economic plans. Therefore, the study aims to observe infant mortality in Brazil, from 2007 to 2016. This is an epidemiological, ecological time series study, using population-based data, which were extracted from the Unified Health System's Department of Informatics in Brazil, in order to obtain the Child Mortality Coefficient indicator. The results showed that infant mortality has declined based upon the annual assessment of this indicator between the years 2007 to 2015; however, the year 2016 showed a slight increase. It was also observed that conditions originating in the perinatal period emerged as the main cause of infant mortality in the analyzed period. The causes of infant mortality in the analyzed period were identified as the most prevalent conditions originating in the perinatal period. The states of Amapá (19.81), Bahia (17.37), and Acre (17.27) had the highest indicators, but this indicator can be reduced through better sanitary, economic, and care conditions. Therefore, it is essential to expand health services, especially in socially vulnerable locations, and to strengthen mother and baby care programs.